Epidemiological and clinical insights into the enterovirus D68 upsurge in Europe 2021/22 and the emergence of novel B3-derived lineages, ENPEN multicentre study

Margarida Pires Simoes , Emma Hodcroft , Peter Simmonds , Jan Albert , Enagon Alidjinou , Katia Ambert-Balay , Cristina Andrés , Andrés Antón , Christelle Auvray , Jean-Luc Bailly (1) , Fausto Baldanti , Capser Bastings , Stuart Beard , Carla Berengua Pereira , Natasa Berginc , Mandy Bloemen , Soile Blomqvist , Froukje Bosma , Sindy Böttcher , Laura Bubba , Stafan Buderus , Maria Cabrerizo , Christina Calvo , Christina Celma , Ferruccio Ceriotti , Gemma Clark , Inës Costa , Marianne Coste-Burel , Karen Couderé , Jeroen Cremer , Margarita del Cuerpo Casas , Theo Daehne , Jessica de Beer , Maria de Ceano-Vivas , Cillian de Gascun , Alexis de Rougemont , Johnathan Dean , Jennifer Dembinski , Sabine Diedrich , Javier Diez-Domingo , Lena Dillner , Dagny Dorenberg , Alexandra Ducancelle , Susanne Dudman , Robert Dyrdak , Anna-Maria Eis-Huebinger , Iker Falces-Romero , Agnes Farkas , Susan Feeney , Maria Fernandez-Garcia , Jacky Flipse , Kristina Franck , Cristina Galli , Isabelle Garrigue , Felix Geeraedts , Irina Georgieva , Federica Giardina , Raquel Guiomar , Elenor Hauzenberger , Esther Heikens , Cécille Henquell (2) , Didier Hober , Amrio Hönemann , Hannah Howson-Wells , Željka Hruškar , Niina Ikonen , Berthemarie Imbert , Arjan Jansz , Marion Jeannoël , Helena Jiřincová , Laurence Josset , Kathrin Keeren , Naomie Kramer-Lindhout , Sidsel Krokstad , Mouna Lazrek , Hélène Le Guillou-Guillemette , Caroline Lefeuvre , Andreas Lind , Maja Lunar , Melanie Maier , Stéphanie Marque-Juillet , C Patrick Mcclure , James Mckenna , Adam Meijer , Ana Menasalvas Ruiz , Beatriz Mengual-Chuliá , Sofie Midgley , Audrey Mirand (2, 1) , Richard Molenkamp , Milagrosa Montes , Antonio Moreno-Docón , Ursula Morley , Jean-Luc Murk , Ana Navascués-Ortega , Roel Nijhuis , Lubomira Nikolaeva-Glomb , Svein Nordbø , Sanela Numanovic , Massimo Oggioni , Eider Oñate Vergara , Jordi Pacaud , Marie Pacreau , Marcus Panning , Elena Pariani , Lili Pekova , Laura Pellegrinelli , Miroslav Petrovec , Corinna Pietsch , Léa Pilorge , Luis Piñeiro , Antonio Piralla , Mario Poljak , Birgit Prochazka , Nuria Rabella , Janette Rahamat-Langendoen , Petra Rainetova , Marijke Reynders , Annelies Riezebos-Brilman , Lieuwe Roorda , Carita Savolainen-Kopra , Isabelle Schuffenecker , Leo Smeets , Ayse Stoyanova , Karl Stefic (3) , Caroline Swanink , Irena Tabain , Jeroen Tjhie , Luc Thouault , Camille Tumiotto , Sara Uceda Renteria , Tina Uršič , Sophie Vallet , Marc van Ranst , Peter van Wunnik , Jaco Verweij , Jorgina Vila , Bas Wintermans , Elke Wollants , Katja Wolthers , F Xavier López-Labrado , Thea Kolsen Fischer , Heli Harvala , Kimberley Benschop

1 LMGE - Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement
2 CHU Clermont-Ferrand
3 MAVIVHe - Morphogénèse et antigénicité du VIH, des Virus des Hépatites et Emergents

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infections are associated with severe respiratory disease and acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). The European Non-Polio Enterovirus Network (ENPEN) aimed to investigate the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of EV-D68 and its clinical impact during the fall-winter season of 2021/22. From 19 European countries, 58 institutes reported 10,481 (6.8%) EV-positive samples of which 1,004 (9.6%) were identified as EV-D68 (852 respiratory samples). Clinical data was reported for 969 cases. 78.9% of infections were reported in children (0-5 years); 37.9% of cases were hospitalised. Acute respiratory distress was commonly noted (93.1%) followed by fever (49.4%). Neurological problems were observed in 6.4% of cases with six reported with AFM. Phylodynamic/Nextstrain and phylogenetic analyses based on 694 sequences showed the emergence of two novel B3-derived lineages, with no regional clustering. In conclusion, we describe a large-scale EV-D68 European upsurge with severe clinical impact and the emergence of B3-derived lineages.

Mots clés: acute flaccid paralysis (AFP); acute flaccid myelitis (AFM); surveillance; B3-derived lineages; coronavirus disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).; enterovirus D68 (EV-D68); respiratory infection; non-polio enterovirus (NPEV); European Non-Polio Enterovirus Network (ENPEN)

Domaines: Maladies infectieuses; Maladies émergentes; Virologie; Santé publique et épidémiologie

Margarida Pires Simoes, Emma Hodcroft, Peter Simmonds, Jan Albert, Enagon Alidjinou, et al.. Epidemiological and clinical insights into the enterovirus D68 upsurge in Europe 2021/22 and the emergence of novel B3-derived lineages, ENPEN multicentre study. Journal of Infectious Diseases, inPress, ⟨10.1093/infdis/jiae154⟩. ⟨hal-04560143⟩